tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-81696295556810398102024-03-18T10:48:53.608+01:00LTE AND BEYONDLTE, 4G, EPC, MME, PGW, SGW, Interfaces and beyond tech-blog by Bart BartonBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.comBlogger51125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-85705205247811604352021-09-17T18:42:00.002+02:002021-09-17T18:42:56.941+02:00Guess who is going to cover the 5G Core for you Hey Team, Guys, Everyone,I has been way to much time since last time I wrote something meaningful here, apologies for that.Many things have changed in my life since 2013 when this website was still working. I got a new job with end of 2013. I was creating the history by virtualizing Telecom industry. The same thing that you all are probably doing now.Then even bigger player showed up on my Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com0Prague, Czechia50.0755381 14.437800521.765304263821157 -20.7184495 78.385771936178855 49.5940505tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-41702351537510742302020-10-29T14:31:00.000+01:002020-10-29T14:31:34.907+01:00The 5G and Network Slicing While browsing LinkedIn I stumbled on the video by Mohamed Radwan and Karim Rabie about the 5G and Network slicing.I'm going to share it embedding it here belowIt's clear to me that Mohamed is into IT technology and I'm sure you are going to find other interesting topics on his YouTube channel./BartBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com112tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-78805972881350420692020-10-29T14:23:00.003+01:002020-10-29T14:23:40.052+01:00Long time no see - let us try to change it! Hey Team,It is a very long time since we seen each other on those pages.At end of 2013, I've joined a company that was on the edge of the change in telecoms and it was terribly hard to keep up with the work there. Luckily currently things are changing and the environment is becoming more organized. I hope my life will get stabilized because of it.During those years I moved towards IT more Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com986Prague, Czechia50.0755381 14.437800521.765304263821157 -20.7184495 78.385771936178855 49.5940505tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-11308252990034674922016-12-29T16:12:00.001+01:002016-12-29T16:12:51.472+01:00Juniper QFX running on ESXi
Because of my day to day job I'm spinning around networking more and more. Which is not that bad if you ask me. Up until some time ago I was, and I think it's not only me, taking routing/switching for granted - yet another transport layer.
The more I'm getting into it.. it stays as boring as it always was. (joke, but it's boring)
No matter how your views on R/S are recently I found something Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com16Prague, Czechia50.0755381 14.4378004999999849.749331100000006 13.79235349999998 50.4017451 15.083247499999981tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-66503981283566384632016-03-22T22:47:00.003+01:002016-03-22T22:47:55.208+01:00LTE EPC Technology Essentials - Workshop
Few days ago one of my colleagues, Hussien Mahmoud, made slide deck. He shared this slide deck with everyone, I'm here just re-sharing it with you, it's really worth it. All 157 (sic!) packed with knowledge slides, with quality graphics that shows the most important.
Has anyone of you ever tried chicken consomme? It's a soup, like chicken broth but clear and reduced, where flavor is so intenseBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com286tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-75046556960461623022015-08-19T12:39:00.000+02:002015-08-19T12:39:38.242+02:00Affirmed Networks - Happy to be part of the future
Some of you know, some of you may know that I work for Affirmed Networks from end of 2013.
All this time to now was a fast joy ride. We got coverage in Feb/2014 because of the AT&T.
[...]
In addition, Affirmed Networks, Inc., has been chosen to work with AT&T on a virtualized Evolved Packet Core (EPC). [...]
Source: http://www.att.com/
I was dead busy, so blog went on side trackBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-87968896938883504112015-07-08T16:34:00.001+02:002015-07-08T16:34:02.534+02:00Cable operators becoming MVNO
Wanted to share good article. It's some promotional thing for their product, but it's decent piece of information.
Wanted to share good article. It's some promotional thing for their product, but it's decent piece of information. I cannot say if advertised products are good or bad, but article itself is a decent one. This is where the Telecom walks now.
Cable operators becoming MVNO: a Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com29tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-81437439444453690852014-03-20T12:27:00.002+01:002014-03-20T12:27:15.518+01:00Bootstrapping server function (BSF) in LTE
Recently I faced question about role of Bootstrapping Server Function (BSF) function in the LTE network, this made me thinking and digging. On the end I decided to share this woit you in case anyone has ever wondered about that. So what is the role of BSF in LTE?
The BSF queries the Subscriber Locator Function (SLF) over Dz interface, which is Diameter based, to get the name of the HSS Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com3Prague, Czech Republic50.0755381 14.4378004999999849.749331100000006 13.79235349999998 50.4017451 15.083247499999981tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-23633513718108236902014-01-15T08:34:00.000+01:002014-01-15T08:34:34.748+01:00Resource: SIM Card Forensics - Introduction
Just few moments ago I have found quite interesting article that covers in details how the SIM card is build and works. Maybe for Terminal-side guys this is obvious but myself I found few new things for myself.
As the title says this is just introduction, more information could be coming.
SIM Structure and File Systems
A SIM card contains a processor and operating system with between 16
andBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com14Prague, Czech Republic50.0755381 14.4378004999999849.749331100000006 13.79235349999998 50.4017451 15.083247499999981tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-11343535631835806082014-01-14T23:53:00.001+01:002014-01-15T00:08:02.366+01:00Combined Attach in LTE/4G
Some time ago I'v covere the Attach Procedure, from then many times I saw questions about the Combined Attach.
So here it is, the Combined Attach himself.
First it has to be addressed what is the Combined Attach and why it's so different from Attach procedure already covered.
What Combined Attach is?
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Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com9Prague, Czech Republic50.0755381 14.4378004999999849.749331100000006 13.79235349999998 50.4017451 15.083247499999981tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-4934027905591605702014-01-02T14:54:00.001+01:002014-01-02T14:54:40.917+01:00New year, another year online!
Hi everyone!,It has been 2 years since the blog is up and running, or it will be in exactly 4 days from now. ;-)Few things has changed during this time in my private life, I have definitely moved forward with what I'm doing for living, and definitely running this blog helped me to evolve.Your comments and inputs to whatever I'm posting keeps me up to speed and motivated. Anyone of them is Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com12Prague, Czech Republic50.0755381 14.4378004999999849.749331100000006 13.79235349999998 50.4017451 15.083247499999981tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-16331516698166101662013-11-30T13:41:00.002+01:002013-11-30T13:41:36.102+01:00S-TMSI usage and allocation process
During which procedure the S-TMSI (SAE-Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identity) is allocated?
Answer could be put as a one-liner, during the Attach procedure.
Going little bit deeper into the details..
At the time of initial attach (so I would say IMSI not GUTI attach, what is the difference? Check here What is GUTI and IMSI attach) procedure, the UE sends Att Req with IMSI to the Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com2Prague, Czech Republic50.0755381 14.4378004999999849.749331100000006 13.79235349999998 50.4017451 15.083247499999981tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-11364681759197119612013-11-30T12:16:00.001+01:002013-11-30T12:16:25.559+01:00DIAMETER based interfaces in EPC, UMTS and IMS
Recently I've seen question regarding on which interface in LTE or UMTS the DIAMETER protocol is used.
Basically DIAMETER is an Authentication, Authorization &
Accounting (AAA) protocol. That is why any of you will see DIAMETER used for these functions.
S6a - Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com11Prague, Czech Republic50.0755381 14.4378004999999849.749331100000006 13.79235349999998 50.4017451 15.083247499999981tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-86681390492791405722013-11-09T23:46:00.003+01:002013-11-09T23:46:55.949+01:00Resource: Basic LTE call flows and tutorials
Found this when surfing the web, maybe any of you will find it useful.
Most of the topics I've covered here, but this looks good for a Radio/Device reference.
Follow the link to get more, resource
Source:
LinkedIn, Internet
Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com1Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-72759676827122407652013-11-04T00:39:00.002+01:002013-11-04T00:41:04.786+01:00Extended Service Request procedure
The Extended Service Request and Service Request are same procedure just used for different purposes.
To make it simple, the below are color-coded. The cases when the Extended Service Request are triggered are marked light blue, the cases in black trigger Service Request procedure.
Service Request triggers
a) the UE in EMM-IDLE mode receives a paging request with CN Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com3Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-4616913545024889342013-09-30T01:14:00.001+02:002013-09-30T01:14:41.140+02:00LTE EPS Session Management timers - ESM timers
Previously I've shared the EMM timers, today it's a EPS Session Management
Table 1. EPS session management timers – UE side
TIMER NUM.
TIMER VALUE
STATE
CAUSE OF START
NORMAL STOP
ON THE
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th EXPIRY (NOTE 1)
T3480
8s
PROCEDURE
TRANSACTION PENDING
BEARER RESOURCE ALLOCATION REQUEST sent
ACTIVATE DEDICATED Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com2Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-92149993420598819632013-09-26T23:48:00.000+02:002013-09-26T23:48:30.709+02:00LTE EPS mobility management timers - EMM timers
Lately many times I had to reach towards the EPS Mobility Management (EMM) timers, because it took me some time to google them here you go. Hope any one will find them as useful I did.
In the two tables you can easily find the times name it's default or suggested value, what is triggering it and what happens in case it will finally expire.
EPS
mobility management timers – UE side
Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com3Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-78157173108312429752013-09-24T21:29:00.004+02:002013-09-24T21:29:53.897+02:00Circuit Switched Fallback CSFB - Mobile Terminating call in idle mode
Previously I've covered the topic of CSFB when MT is in active mode. Today the below will cover situation when UE MT is in idle mode.
Fig. 1. CS Call with CSFB with MT UE in IDLE
1. G MSC receives IAM.
2. For the Send Routing Info (SRI) procedure please go to TS 23.018 3GPP.
3. G MSC sends IAM to the MSC on the terminating side.
4. The MME receives a Paging Request with MT side IMSI Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com5Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-23883310476439078522013-09-23T01:03:00.000+02:002013-09-23T01:07:29.591+02:00Circuit Switched Fallback CSFB - Mobile Terminating Call in Active mode, no PS HO
Recently CSFB is biggest thing I'm struggling with, because of that I went through many pages of Spec for Circut Switch Fallback and decided this is a very good topic to cover here.
CS Fallback enables Circuit Switch (CS) based voice and supplementary services to be offered together with LTE access. To allow subscribers to use existing CS based services such as voice voice, supplementaryBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com6Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-60138850438990471732013-08-29T22:48:00.000+02:002013-08-29T22:48:06.562+02:00Vodafone UK went live with 4G
Recently I was providing (with one colleague Svetlin) the optimization services for EPC for VF-UK, that's why the below touches me also. Today Vodafone went live with proposed developed/deployed and solution optimized by the team and myself.
It's my 3rd LTE launch, but I'm happy as always because of success.
Here are few pictures, as the day like that you just have to start with booze and sweetBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com3Vodafone Newbury HQ, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-51276592443695729232013-08-13T01:06:00.000+02:002013-08-13T01:07:58.917+02:00Terminating the SMS over SGs interface
All the best to you on the workaholic day! As I was told by the BBC in the morning.
Recently I've been asked to investigate curious case which on the SMS duplicates. On the end it appeared it's more than just duplicates issue, but because of confidentiality agreements I will not speak about that.
From the begining I would
like to add that on the bottom of this article you will find a trace
Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com69Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-13932346910336983772013-08-11T22:18:00.000+02:002013-08-11T22:18:45.733+02:00DNS Record Types used in EPC
It's been a while, so I will better start.Previously, I hope, I've managed to shed some light on the DNS in EPC in general, from high above, form. Today I would like to present a records that are used in the LTE EPC deployments I've been involved into.
DNS A & AAAA records
A records (or ‘Address Records’) return an IPv4 address. This is most commonly used to map hostnames to an IPv4 Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com4Newbury, West Berkshire, UK51.401409 -1.32311389999995351.322138 -1.4844753999999529 51.48068 -1.1617523999999531tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-73025162331004364562013-06-08T23:40:00.003+02:002013-08-29T14:52:48.949+02:00DNS in Evolved Packet Core (EPC)
Lately the DNS topic was addressed here, I'm happy to get back to you with more on this.
Hope you will find more detailed description of usage of DNS in EPC. The below is detailed description of, I think, most important from the DNS topic with examples of dns zone files.
UPDATE: For more info on how the EPC uses the DNS please refer to DNS in LTE label.
Home Network Domain
The Home Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com5Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt30.0444196 31.23571160000005929.934475600000003 31.074350100000057 30.1543636 31.39707310000006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-26054137826956647162013-04-27T22:59:00.001+02:002013-04-27T23:02:31.984+02:00HSS Selection
This is the last point to cover from the list I was presenting many times by now, and the section DNS in LTE will be finished.
Of course if I will face some interesting or will find somewhere example of DNS file will parse it and put it here, so any of you could reuse it.
Last but not least, the HSS Selection procedure.
The Diameter Proxy/Edge agent performs a NAPTR query (as to RFC 3403) for aBart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com2Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt30.0444196 31.23571160000005929.9344751 31.074350100000057 30.154364100000002 31.39707310000006tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8169629555681039810.post-72818615394889201502013-04-26T21:17:00.002+02:002013-04-26T21:26:02.241+02:00Greetings Polish Engineers
This post has noting in common with LTE, ok, maybe a little bit.
Lately, more or less since when P4 and PTC have won LTE frequencies, I've noticed traffic from Poland. Before February '13.. maybe one pageview in a 2-3months period, and now look like you guys are preparing for the launch or gathering info on this topic.
So... as I speak kinda fluent Polish..
Powodzenia Panowie pracownicy Bart Bartonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05033383038442769969noreply@blogger.com4Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt30.0444196 31.23571160000005929.9344751 31.074350100000057 30.154364100000002 31.39707310000006